Governing Vessel meridian
GV-28 (Yínjiāo, 龈交) — Gum Intersection
- Meridian
- Governing Vessel (GV)
- Anatomical view
- head
- Point classification
- Meeting point of the Governing Vessel with the Conception Vessel and Foot Yangming Stomach channel.
- Depth reference
- 0.2-0.3 cun shallow oblique superior insertion or a controlled prick by a qualified practitioner
- Moxibustion
- Not established in checked point sources; direct moxibustion near mucous membranes is contraindicated
- Reference aliases
- GV28; Yinjiao; 龈交; Gum Intersection
Anatomical location
Inside the upper lip, at the junction of the upper labial frenulum and the upper gum.
Traditional actions
Traditionally clears heat, benefits the gums and nose, and steadies the spirit.
Recorded indications
Primary: Reference uses include swollen or bleeding gums, nasal blockage, nosebleed, and mouth pain.
Secondary: Secondary uses include agitation, facial swelling, and eye discomfort.
How to read this reference
AcuAtlas separates anatomical location, traditional classification, recorded actions, indications, insertion-depth references, and moxibustion notes because these fields answer different study questions. The location statement is the orientation anchor. The classification and actions describe traditional reference categories, while indications summarize how checked educational sources associate the point with established teaching material. They are not a recommendation to select or stimulate the point.
Depth and moxibustion entries are reproduced as bounded reference notes rather than procedural instructions. Individual anatomy, technique, angle, clinical setting, and local professional standards can change what is appropriate. Review the cited documents and supervised training material before using any technical field. The normalized map coordinate is included only to place the point on the matching AcuAtlas body plate; it is not a substitute for palpation or anatomical assessment.
Sources
References displayed on this page were recorded with the point dataset.
- WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region (2008) GV28, p. 217
- Acupuncture.com Acupuncture Point Reference Du 28: English name, classification, functions, indications and needling sections
- American Dragon Acupuncture Point Reference DU-28: English name, command functions, actions, indications and needling sections; no moxibustion statement found
- Chinese Medicine Board of Australia, Guidelines for Infection Prevention and Control Standard precautions for mucous membranes, body fluids, aseptic technique and bleeding exposure
- College and Association of Acupuncturists of Alberta, Safety Handbook for Alberta Practitioners Moxibustion contraindicated near mucous membranes, p. 44
Frequently asked questions
Where is GV-28 located?
Inside the upper lip, at the junction of the upper labial frenulum and the upper gum.
What reference actions and indications are recorded for GV-28?
Traditionally clears heat, benefits the gums and nose, and steadies the spirit. The dataset lists these primary indications: Reference uses include swollen or bleeding gums, nasal blockage, nosebleed, and mouth pain. Secondary indications are recorded as: Secondary uses include agitation, facial swelling, and eye discomfort.
Is GV-28 safe during pregnancy?
This dataset does not identify GV-28 as one of its five mandatory pregnancy-caution points. That is not a declaration of safety. Pregnancy-related point selection requires individualized assessment by a qualified clinician.